Micronutrient Testing

The Micronutrient Test assesses an individual’s level of the following vitamins, minerals, and nutrients:

Vitamin B12: vitamin B12, or cobalamin,  is essential for nerve function, DNA synthesis, and red blood cell production. Deficiency can lead to anemia, neuropathy, cognitive impairment, and cardiovascular disease.  Cobalamin is attached to different groups in biochemical settings, and many of these are also available as supplements, which may provide different health benefits.  

Vitamin C: vitamin C is a potent antioxidant involved in collagen synthesis, immune function, and wound healing. It also enhances iron absorption and protects against oxidative stress.

Vitamin D3: vitamin D3 is also a hormone and it plays a crucial role in calcium metabolism, bone health, immune function, and modulation of inflammatory responses. Deficiency is associated with increased risk of osteoporosis, autoimmune diseases, and infections. 

Vitamin E: vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant that protects cell membranes from oxidative damage. It plays a role in immune function, skin health, and cardiovascular protection. Deficiency may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and neurodegenerative disorders. 

Vitamin K2: vitamin K2 is essential for blood coagulation, bone metabolism, and cardiovascular health. It activates proteins involved in calcium regulation, promoting bone mineralization and reducing arterial calcification.

Folate: folate is essential for DNA synthesis, cell division, and methylation reactions. It plays a critical role in fetal development, cardiovascular health, and prevention of neural tube defects. Deficiency is associated with anemia and increased risk of birth defects.

CoQ10: coenzyme Q10 is a mitochondrial antioxidant involved in energy production and cellular respiration. It supports cardiovascular health, reduces oxidative stress, and may improve symptoms of heart failure and neurodegenerative diseases. 

Vitamin B6: vitamin B6, also known as pyridoxine, is involved in amino acid metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis, and hemoglobin production. It plays a crucial role in immune function, cognitive development, and maintaining healthy nervous and cardiovascular systems. 

Vitamin B3 (Niacin): vitamin B3, in its active forms nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, is essential for energy metabolism, DNA repair, and cell signaling. It plays a crucial role in maintaining healthy skin, digestive function, and nervous system function.

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin): vitamin B2 is involved in energy metabolism, red blood cell production, and antioxidant defense. It plays a critical role in maintaining healthy skin, vision, and mucous membranes.

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine): vitamin B1 is essential for carbohydrate metabolism, nerve function, and energy production. It plays a crucial role in maintaining normal cardiac function, brain health, and overall energy metabolism.

Vitamin A: vitamin A is essential for vision, immune function, and cellular differentiation. It plays a critical role in maintaining healthy skin, mucous membranes, and reproductive health.  The active form of vitamin A is retinol.  Vitamin A deficiency and vitamin A toxicity both have important implications for human health. 

Pantothenic Acid: pantothenic acid is a B vitamin, also known as vitamin B5, that plays a vital role in energy metabolism, synthesizing fatty acids, cholesterol, steroid hormones, and neurotransmitters. It is an important cofactor in adrenal health.  Deficiency can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, irritability, numbness, and tingling. 

Biotin: biotin, also known as vitamin B7, is essential for energy metabolism, fatty acid synthesis, and glucose regulation. It plays a crucial role in maintaining healthy hair, skin, and nails. Measuring biotin levels helps assess nutritional status and diagnose biotin deficiency, which can present with dermatological, neurological, and metabolic symptoms. 

Selenium: selenium is an essential trace mineral with antioxidant properties, crucial for thyroid function, immune response, and DNA synthesis. Deficiency is linked to thyroid disorders, weakened immunity, mood disorders, and increased risk of certain cancers.

Calcium: calcium is necessary for bone health, muscle function, nerve transmission, and blood clotting. Inadequate intake can lead to osteoporosis, muscle cramps, and impaired nerve function.

Chromium: chromium is involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, enhancing insulin sensitivity and regulating blood sugar levels. Deficiency may contribute to glucose intolerance and insulin resistance.

Copper: copper balance is essential; too much or too little has detrimental effects on human health.  Copper plays a role in energy production, iron metabolism, connective tissue formation, and antioxidant defense. Deficiency can lead to anemia, osteoporosis, and impaired immune function.

Zinc: zinc is essential for immune function, wound healing, DNA synthesis, antioxidant function and protein metabolism. Deficiency can impair immune response, delay wound healing, and may be associated with mood disturbances. 

Magnesium: magnesium  is involved in over 300 enzymatic reactions, including energy production, muscle function, and nerve transmission. Deficiency can manifest as muscle cramps, fatigue, cardiovascular abnormalities, and through downstream effects on various physiological systems it may have various other manifestations. 

Manganese: manganese is essential for bone formation, collagen production, and antioxidant defense. Deficiency may impair growth, reproductive function, and glucose metabolism.

Glutathione: glutathione is a potent antioxidant that protects cells from oxidative damage, supports immune function, and detoxifies harmful substances. Low levels are associated with increased oxidative stress and various health conditions. 

Alpha-Lipoic Acid: alpha-lipoic acid is a potent antioxidant with anti-inflammatory properties. It plays a critical role in mitochondrial function, glucose metabolism, and nerve health. Measuring alpha-lipoic acid levels can help assess antioxidant status and guide supplementation in conditions such as diabetic neuropathy and neurodegenerative diseases.

Oleic Acid: oleic acid is an omega-9 monounsaturated fatty acid found in various dietary sources such as olive oil and avocados. It plays a crucial role in cardiovascular health, inflammation regulation, and insulin sensitivity. Measuring oleic acid levels helps assess dietary intake and metabolic health. 

Carnitine: carnitine plays a role in fatty acid metabolism, facilitating the transport of fatty acids into mitochondria for energy production. Deficiency can lead to muscle weakness, fatigue, and impaired exercise performance.

Inositol: inositol is involved in cell signaling, neurotransmitter function, and lipid metabolism. It may have benefits in conditions such as anxiety, depression, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) through its cell-signaling effects on insulin. 

Choline: choline is important for brain development, neurotransmitter synthesis, and liver function. Inadequate intake may impair memory, cognitive function, and liver health.  It is especially important in pregnancy and breastfeeding. 

Serine: serine is involved in the synthesis of proteins, nucleotides, and neurotransmitters. It plays a role in cell proliferation, immune function, and brain health.

Glutamine: glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the body and plays a crucial role in protein synthesis, immune function, and intestinal health.  Deficiency can impair immune response and gut integrity.

Asparagine: asparagine is involved in protein synthesis, neurotransmitter function, and regulation of cellular metabolism. It may play a role in maintaining cognitive function and mood stability.  It may also be an important regulator in cancer development and proliferation. 

Cysteine: cysteine is a precursor to glutathione, a powerful antioxidant, and plays a role in detoxification, immune function, and protein synthesis. Deficiency may impair antioxidant defense and increase oxidative stress. 

Total Antioxidant Function: total antioxidant function measures the overall capacity of cells to resist damage caused by oxidative stress.  The protective effect is due to robust antioxidant level in the body that neutralize free radicals and prevent oxidative damage. It reflects the body's ability to maintain cellular integrity and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.

Total Immune Function: the Immunidex assessment provides a score reflecting how well an individual’s immune system can resist outside threats.  It may provide important information regarding immune function in warding off disease, fighting cancer, and mitigating an autoimmune response. 

Glucose-Insulin Metabolism: monitoring glucose-insulin metabolism helps assess insulin sensitivity, glucose utilization, and risk of metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus. Dysregulation in glucose-insulin metabolism can lead to hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome.

Fructose Sensitivity: fructose sensitivity refers to the body's inability to properly metabolize fructose, leading to symptoms such as bloating, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Measuring fructose sensitivity helps diagnose fructose malabsorption and guide dietary interventions to alleviate symptoms.